The region features a mix of urban landscapes, mountainous areas, and coastal regions, with natural landmarks such as the Sierra Madre del Sur mountains and the nearby Pacific Ocean, offering a blend of natural beauty and metropolitan development.

The climate is tropical with a wet and dry season. Summer temperatures average around 85°F, while winter temperatures average around 65°F. Rainfall is highest during the summer months, particularly in June and September.

The two most common languages spoken are Spanish and Zapotec.

Major religions in the region include Roman Catholicism, which is predominant, followed by smaller communities of Protestantism and Indigenous religions.

Agriculture: The region has a strong agricultural sector with major employers like mezcal production and coffee cultivation excelling in the area.

Textiles: Companies like Oaxacan textiles lead in traditional weaving and textile production.

Handicrafts: The area supports a robust handicraft sector with artisans excelling in alebrijes and pottery.

The area hosts events like the Guelaguetza, celebrating with parades and traditional dances; the Day of the Dead, featuring colorful altars and festivities; and the Night of the Radishes, showcasing intricate radish carvings.

Popular tourist destinations include the Monte Albán archaeological site, known for its ancient Zapotec ruins; the Santo Domingo de Guzmán Church, offering stunning architecture and historical significance; and the Hierve el Agua, featuring petrified waterfalls and natural springs.

Favored activities include hiking, exploring archaeological sites, and enjoying local markets, with major parks like Tehuacán-Cuicatlán Biosphere Reserve and Huatulco National Park being popular destinations.